The Evolution of Value-Based Monitoring and Evaluation in Africa: Examining Michael Scriven's Influence on the Adoption of Monitoring and Evaluation Systems by African governments: A case of the Zimbabwean Government
SISIMAYI Tapiwa P, NGWENYA Sifelani and MABWE Linda M

Abstract
This study examines how Michael Scriven's value and valuing process has influenced the adoption and development of Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) systems within Zimbabwe's governance framework. The study investigated the transformation from traditional output-based evaluations to value-based assessment approaches using qualitative research methods including document analysis and stakeholder interviews. Guided by Rogers' Diffusion of Innovations Theory, the study reveals that Zimbabwe's M&E systems are increasingly incorporating Scriven's principles, evidenced by a shift toward impact-oriented evaluation frameworks. The findings indicate significant progress in areas like Results-Based Management and public sector accountability. However, significant hurdles to fully implementation include political interference, limited resources, and a lack of technical expertise. The study concludes that although Scriven's valuing process has had a positive impact on Zimbabwe's M&E landscape, enhanced political commitment and bolstered institutional capacity are crucial for fully realizing the effectiveness of these systems in governance.

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