Using Pictorial Exemplars in Two-Dimensional Design Education
Jacqueline Shaw

Abstract
This discussion paper describes the use of pictorial exemplars in two-dimensional (2D) design; how they help with learning and what factors or variables, such as positioning; deconstruction, explanation and guidance; discussion and feedback; motivation; and cultural aspects contribute to their success or failure. It also aims to highlight some of the discrepancies that exist between the perceptions of lecturers and students regarding the usage of exemplars. The word exemplar in this paper means a typical model from a particular genre of 2D design, for example packaging, advertisement, poster, corporate identity, etc., and is used interchangeably with the word example. Subjective qualities such as best, highest ideal or winner are not intended to be attached to the description of exemplar. Comments from experienced lecturers, design students and from referenced sources will be examined in this paper.

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