Assessment of Plasma B2-Microglobulin among Sudanese with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Dr. Badreldien Hassan Elabid, Dr. Samia Mahadi Ahmed, Noon Babiker Mohammed Ahmed

Abstract
Background: Diabetic nephropathy cause gradual renal impairment that may end stage renal failure. In glomerular kidney disease, the glomeruli can't filter B2-microglobulin out of the blood, so levels increase in the blood and decrease in the urine. In tubular kidney disease, the tubules can't reabsorb it back into the blood, so urine levels rise and blood levels fall. Objectives: To assess the plasma levels of B2-microglobulin, creatinine clearance, blood HbA1C% and body mass index in Sudanese patient with type 2 diabetes. Materials and methods: This is a case-control study conducted in two diabetic centers in Khartoum state, Sudan, from March 2010 to November 2013. A total of 300 Sudanese patients with type2 diabetes mellitus as a test group, and 150 healthy subjects as a control group were enrolled in this study. Both groups were matched for gender and age. The plasma levels of Beta2-microglobulin, blood HbA1c and plasma creatinine were measured using Nephelometry, and creatinine clearance was calculated for each participant. SPSS was used for analysis of data. Results: The means of the plasma levels of Beta2-microglobulin, HbA1c% and the body mass index were significantly raised in the diabetic group when compared to the control group (p<0.05).The study showed a significant moderate inverse correlation between Beta2-microglobulin and creatinine clearance (r=-0.56,p=0.04) in the diabetic group, and also showed a significant moderate positive correlation between the plasma levels of Beta2-microglobulin and HbA1c% (r=o.50,p=0.03). Conclusion: The present data indicates that among Sudanese patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, the plasma levels of Beta2-microglobulin is significantly raised and has a significant moderate positive correlation with glycatedhaemoglubin % and a significant moderate inverse correlation with creatinine clearance.

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